Category Center for International Relations and Strategic Studies

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SCO Summit, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan (2026): India’s Priorities on Regional Security, Connectivity and Economic Cooperation

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) emerged from the Shanghai Five Mechanism established in 1996 by China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to address border disputes and build mutual trust. It was formally established as the SCO in June 2001 after Uzbekistan joined. Its founding framework focused on combating terrorism, separatism and extremism, while promoting political, security, economic and connectivity cooperation across Eurasia (Al Jazeera, 2026).

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Trump’s Economic Pressure on Iran: Between Coercion and Resilience.

The grammar of the West Asia war is changing yet again. While on the battlefront Iran may have comparatively lost in grey-zone warfare, it has been perceived as a winner, even if in wars there are only losers, since it is seen as an unjust aggression given the limited credibility of the US and Israel and the lack of international support, even from their NATO allies.

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Strengthening Technology-Driven Border Security: Modernisation Plan-IV for Central Armed Police Forces (2022)

Modernisation Plan-IV for Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) was approved by the Cabinet Committee on Security and is being implemented by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) as a Central Sector Scheme, with a total financial outlay of ₹1,523 crore. The scheme's implementation period was announced as 1 February 2022 to 31 March 2026 in the original approval release (MHA, 2022), though a subsequent MHA release restates the start date as 1 January 2022 (MHA, 2025). The scheme covers all seven CAPFs: Assam Rifles (AR), the Border Security Force (BSF), the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG) and the Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) (MHA, 2022).

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When Trade Becomes a Weapon: What It Means for Tamil Nadu’s Agro-Export Corridor

Thomas Sea Foods, a fisheries MSME in Kanyakumari, had just signed an export deal with an international buyer when a routine requirement stopped the shipment cold: certification from the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA). The certificate itself wasn't the real barrier — the infrastructure needed to qualify for it was. Upgrading processing facilities to meet compliance standards costs crores, far beyond what a single small enterprise can invest on its own. The deal that had taken months to negotiate stalled indefinitely, one of several such losses this MSME faced with international buyers.

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Not a New India, A Consistent One-Operation Sindoor as the Logic for a Responsive Strategic Culture

In the international system, a state's strategy is often analysed under the prism of its strategic culture. This aids in evaluating a state's actions, policies, and strategies while steering and even limiting the choices it makes. An essay regarding India's strategic culture written by international relations specialist George Tanham in 1992 sparked a number of academic discussions.

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