
On Day 6 of the Fundamentals of Public Policy, an immersive online spring school programme, organized by the Impact and Policy Research Institute (IMPRI), New Delhi, an insightful session on Social security and Public Policy was led by Mr. Sandeep Chachra. The discussion began with the evolution of social security and where it lies in history. While social welfare provisions have existed in all civilizations, the evolution of modern social security can be traced back to the early days of capitalism around the end of 16th century.

A four week immersive Online Introductory Certificate Course on Fundamentals of Public
Policy organised by the Impact and Policy Research Institute has been a remarkable event.
There were eight sessions in total, of which 18th of March saw three of the most
distinguished speakers. The event was chaired by Prof. Mukul Asher, Former Professor,
NUS Singapore & IMPRI.

DIPLOMACY IN CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION
• Decarbonization or Energy Transition or Climate Change Mitigation
-Reducing the emission of the main greenhouse gas (GHG), carbon dioxide.
• Energy Security
- Assurance of adequate energy to meet long-term demand
• Externality
-A side effect of someone's activity that benefits or hurts others without cost to either side
• Free-rider Problem
- Market failure of public goods
• Ordinal Number
- The use of numbers only

IMPRI Impact and Policy Research Institute, New Delhi, during the timespan of 3rd March to 25th March 2023. The program included an insightful and enriching discussion delivered by eminent speakers, where the Dr. Amar Jesani presented on the topic “Health and Public Policy”. The session was opened with introductory and welcoming remarks from Professor Mukul Asher and was further moderated by him.

Session Report Mansi Garg Introduction Understanding the Nuances of Climate Change in the Indian Subcontinent: Impact and Way Forward is an Online International Monsoon School Program, a Six-Week Immersive Online Introductory Certificate Training Course from August-September 2023 by IMPRI Impact and Policy Research…

In a captivating and intellectually stimulating session led by the distinguished Dr. Jabir Syed, an accomplished Associate Professor of Environmental Studies at COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan, a comprehensive exploration of the dire and far-reaching consequences of climate change on Pakistan's economy and its multifaceted sectors unfolded. Pakistan, a nation ranked among the top five most vulnerable to the ravages of climate change, has found itself ensnared in the clutches of an intensifying climate crisis over the past two decades. This crisis has manifested through a litany of harrowing events, including cataclysmic floods, meteoric temperature spikes, and erratic weather patterns, all of which have wrought havoc upon the country's socioeconomic tapestry.

Professor Rekha Nianthi, a distinguished academic from the Department of Geography at the University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, delivered an enlightening presentation that meticulously examined the multifaceted dimensions of climate change and its profound economic implications, with a special focus on the Indian subcontinent and various Asian nations. Her insightful discourse commenced with a clear definition of climate change, characterizing it as a protracted shift in long-term temperature and weather patterns primarily driven by the burning of fossil fuels, which releases greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere.