Category Policy Update

Carbon Credit

Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) 2023: Assessing India’s First Mandatory Carbon Market and Its Path to Net-Zero

India has spent decades regulating how much energy its industries use, but until now it never had a legal mechanism to price how much carbon those industries actually emit. The Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) changes that. Notified by the Ministry of Power on 28 June 2023 under Section 14AA of the Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2022, CCTS establishes India's first mandatory domestic carbon market, built around energy-intensive industries that together account for a sizable share of the country's industrial emissions.

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India’s Polar Strategy: Antarctica and the Future of Climate Governance

Antarctica is now at the heart of global climate governance as it continues to contribute to sea-level rise, influence climate and house unique biodiversity. India’s Antarctic programme is a model of science-led, collaborative engagement that links climate monitoring with environmental stewardship a1nd international diplomacy in the sustainable management of one of the world's most fragile ecosystems.

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A Distracted Pakistan: Strategic Opportunity in the Afghanistan-Pakistan War

Policy UpdateAsmatwali Background Tensions between Pakistan and the Taliban-led government of Afghanistan, simmering since the Taliban’s return to power in August 2021, escalated into open warfare in late February 2026. Following weeks of militant attacks inside Pakistan, the Pakistan Air…

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