IMPRI Desk

IMPRI Desk

  • Joined: August 6, 2023
  • Articles: 2991

Global Initiative of Academic Networks GIAN 2.0, 2025: Assessing Global Faculty Engagement, Funding & State-wise Implementation

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The Global Initiative of Academic Networks - GIAN was introduced by the Ministry of Education, Government of India, in 2015. The primary objective of the initiative was to enhance the quality of higher education in India by facilitating engagement of distinguished international faculty in Indian academic institutions. In its initial phase, GIAN primarily supported short-term teaching assignments of 1 to 2 weeks, predominantly in centrally funded institutions such as IITs, NITs, and IISERs. With the launch of GIAN 2.0 in 2025, the program has been restructured to adopt a more comprehensive and outcome-oriented approach. The revised framework places emphasis on sustained academic collaboration, research partnerships, transparent financial management, and inclusive state-wise implementation. Over the past decade, GIAN has contributed to exposing Indian students and faculty to global pedagogical methods, research practices, and academic networks. 

Tribhuvan Sahkari University (2025): India’s First National Cooperative University

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For over a hundred years, India’s cooperative movement has supported grassroots economic life, from village credit societies and sugar mills to national dairy giants. While there are more than 8 lakh functional cooperative institutions involving around 30 crore people across the country, the sector was long functioning without an apex national university exclusively for cooperative management, research and governance. For decades, education and training in the sector remained fragmented in state-level cooperative institutes, regional training centers and general business schools whose curricula seldom corresponded to the distinct ethical, legal and operational realities of user-owned enterprises. 

Atmanirbhar Panchayat Programme: Can Fiscal Autonomy Strengthen Grassroots Democracy?

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The 73rd Constitutional Amendment gave Panchayati Raj Institutions constitutional status and strengthened the framework for decentralised governance. However, effective local self-government also requires financial capacity. Article 243H of the Constitution enables State legislatures to authorise Panchayats to levy, collect and appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees, and to provide for the assignment of revenues and grants to them. Thus, the constitutional framework recognises fiscal capacity as an important component of effective local self-government. Continued dependence on government grants, however, can limit the ability of Panchayats to respond independently to local priorities.

Credit Guarantee Scheme for Startups (2025): Strengthening India’s Startup Financing Ecosystem

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Startups in India face a range of finance related challenges which have an effect on their growth and sustainability. Financial constraints are one of the most important challenges in the growth path of startups. Getting enough funding is still a huge challenge, especially for early stage startups that do not have deep track records and collateral. Moreover, the financial stress on startups is combined with high operational costs, regulatory complexities, and macroeconomic uncertainties, which hinder their ability to expand and grow in a competitive environment.

Navigating European Union Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (EU CBAM): Evaluating India’s Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme

CBAM

The global pharmaceutical sector for decades has been operating with a hyper-specialized and cost-driven business model. Under this approach, western pharmaceutical giants have used their capital to invest in high-margin research and development, patent acquisition and initial clinical design. Simultaneously, capital intensive, environmentally demanding, and low margin segments of manufacturing. Especially the synthesis of key starting materials (KSMs) and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), were successively exported to developing Asian economies with lower overhead costs and more flexible regulatory frameworks.

India’s COP26 “Panchamrit” Climate Pledges (2021) – Progress Scorecard

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At COP26 in Glasgow on 1 November 2021, Prime Minister Narendra Modi unveiled five ambitious climate commitments for India, collectively known as Panchamrit, which translates to “five nectars” in Sanskrit. These pledges include: (i) 500GW of non-fossil energy capacity by 2030; (ii) meeting 50% of energy requirements from renewable energy by 2030; (iii) cutting projected cumulative carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes between then 2030; (iv) reducing the emissions intensity of GDP by 45% from 2005 levels by 2030; and (v) achieving net zero emissions by 2070.

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