Bihar’s agricultural future may increasingly depend not only on how much it produces, but also on what it produces and how much value farmers can obtain from it. In this context, the emergence of dragon fruit, or Kamalam, offers an interesting case of agricultural diversification. Once considered an exotic fruit in Indian markets, dragon fruit has gradually entered India’s commercial horticulture landscape.While dragon fruit is promoted nationally under MIDH,Bihar has introduced a separate state-funded Dragon Fruit Vikas Yojana under the Mukhyamantri Bagwani Mission ,the two are complementary, with MIDH providing the broader technical and institutional horticulture ecosystem and the Bihar scheme providing state-level financial and implementation support for crop expansion.