Category Policy Update

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Troubled Waters: Revisiting the India-Bangladesh Teesta River Agreement (1983, 2011 and Beyond)

The Teesta is a 414-kilometre transboundary river originating from the Pahunri (Teesta Kangse) glacier in the Sikkim Himalaya. It flows through Sikkim and West Bengal before entering Bangladesh, where it eventually joins the Brahmaputra. The river is joined by tributaries such as the Rangeet. The Teesta is a fast-flowing Himalayan river characterised by high velocities, heavy sediment loads and seasonal fluctuations in discharge

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PM VISHWAKARMA SCHEME  AND CREDIT INFLOWS FOR MICRO-ENTERPRISES (2023)

The structural architecture of India’s informal economy has historically been sustained by traditional artisans and craftspeople who provide foundational services across rural and semi-urban landscapes. Despite their critical contribution to cultural preservation and local self-reliance, these micro-enterprises have long remained textually and financially excluded from organized banking networks and formal credit mechanisms.

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Production-Linked Incentive–Advanced Chemistry Cell (PLI-ACC) Engine: A Friend-Shoring Trade Alliance with the UK-India Free Trade Agreement (2025)

Globalisation for several decades has been treated as a dominant paradigm that elevated efficiency as the ultimate moral principle. Capital would go wherever the cost of labor was lowest; production concentrated where economies of scale existed on a large enough scale to take advantage of them; and national boundaries continued to erode due to frictionless movement in global trade. However, history always seems to find its way back. Recent supply chain disruptions combined with increased geopolitical tension at many of the key trade choke points have exposed a significant weakness: Efficiency without Resilience is a Trap.

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Industrial policy and Technological transformation: Assessing the Rajasthan Semiconductor Policy And the making of a regional semiconductor hub 2026

On 18 March 2026, the Government of Rajasthan approved the Rajasthan Semiconductor Policy 2026, formally released as a policy document by the state government on 24 March 2026. The policy was introduced against the backdrop of India's broader semiconductor push under the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) and reflects a deliberate attempt by the state to move away from its traditional industrial base of textiles, mining, and handicrafts toward a technology-driven growth model aligned with the state government's "Viksit Rajasthan-2047" vision.

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Bihar’s Fertility Rate and the Governance Gap: What Policy Is Missing

Bihar holds a distinction that no state wants. Despite a decline from 3.4 in NFHS-4 (2015-16) to 3.0 in NFHS-5 (2019-21), Bihar still records the highest Total Fertility Rate among all major states in India. The national average has reached 2.0, the replacement level. All other medium and large states in India, those with a population above one crore, now have a TFR below the replacement level of 2.1. Bihar stands alone.

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The Malabar Salinity Frontier: Policy Blind Spots in Non-Kuttanad Estuarine Agriculture

Kerala's estuarine rice-farming systems are often associated with Kuttanad, the famous below-sea-level rice-growing region of Alappuzha and Kottayam. But in the coastal wetlands of northern Kerala, a similar and much less recognised farming system exists in the tidal wetlands of Kannur, Kasaragod and Kozhikode. Known as kaipad (or kaikandam), it is considered the Malabar counterpart of central Kerala's pokkali system. Farmers grow salt-tolerant paddy during the monsoon and traditionally use the same fields for shrimp and fish harvesting during the rest of the year.

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Environment Protection (End-of-Life Vehicles) Rules, 2025: Evaluating India’s Framework for Sustainable Vehicle Recycling and Circular Economy

India’s economic rise has been accompanied by an equally dramatic expansion in vehicle ownership. Rising incomes, urbanisation, logistics growth and improved mobility have together made India the world’s third-largest automobile market. The country now adds more than 20 million vehicles annually (NITI Aayog), making automobiles one of the most important drivers of industrial activity, employment and consumption.

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