Category Urbanization, Habitat, Transportation and Regional Development

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Construction & Infrastructure Equipment Manufacturing Initiative (2026)

India’s growing investment in infrastructure has increased the need for modern and technologically advanced construction equipment. Machinery used in buildings, metro projects, roads and other large infrastructure works forms an important part of the country’s capital goods sector. As infrastructure development expands, strengthening India’s ability to manufacture such equipment domestically has become increasingly important. The Union Budget 2026–27 proposed public capital expenditure of ₹12.2 lakh crore, reflecting the government’s continued focus on infrastructure-led growth.

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Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999.

India enacted the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act (1999) under Article 22 of the WTO's Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. It required member states to protect signs identifying goods as originating from a specific territory – where a given quality, reputation or characteristic is essentially attributable to that origin. The Act was brought into force on 15 September 2003. This was done once the Geographical Indications Registry was established at Chennai. Under the Office of the Controller General of Patents , Designs and Trade Marks, Department for Promotion of Industry & Internal Trade , Ministry of Commerce & Industry (Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999).

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Tribal Resettlement and Development Mission, 2001: Assessing Kerala’s Tribal Land Rehabilitation Policy.

Kerala's Tribal Resettlement and Development Mission (TRDM) traces its origins to one of the most consequential Adivasi mobilisations in the state's history. In October 2001, thousands of landless Scheduled Tribe (ST) families, organised under the Adivasi Gothra Maha Sabha (AGMS) and led by C.K. Janu and M. Geethanandan, staged a 48 day kudil kettal samaram (hut building protest) outside the Kerala Secretariat. The agitation followed the deaths of over thirty Adivasis from starvation related causes in Wayanad and demanded the distribution of cultivable land to the estimated 52,000 landless tribal families identified by the state.

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Digitising Immigration Management for Secure and Seamless Mobility: The IVFRT Scheme (2010) at Fifteen Years

The Immigration, Visa, Foreigners' Registration and Tracking (IVFRT) programme was sanctioned by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs on 13 May 2010 as a Mission Mode Project under the National e-Governance Plan with budgetary provision of ₹1,011 crore and a project duration up to September 2014 (Prime Minister's Office [PMO], 2026). It aimed to establish a networked and comprehensive digitization process that connects Indian missions abroad and Immigration checkposts and Foreigners Regional Registration Offices (FRROs) and Foreigners Registration Offices (FROs) from visa application to departure (PMO, 2026).

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Decentralizing India’s Trade: The One District One Product (ODOP) Blueprint for Empowering District Economies (2018).

India’s export architecture has historically remained concentrated within prominent industrial clusters and metropolitan port cities, leaving the vast economic potential of its interior districts largely underutilized. To address this structural imbalance and drive grassroots economic formalization, the One District One Product (ODOP) initiative was launched.

Dam Safety Act 2021 and dam safety infrastructure in India

Dam Safety Act, 2021: Implementation Status in 2026 – Assessing Dam Rehabilitation, Institutional Framework and Safety Audits

India is home to 6,138 large dams as per the National Register of Large Dams (NRLD) 2023, making it the third most dam-intensive country after China and the USA. These dams are the backbone of India's water security, irrigation (covering 35% of irrigated area), hydropower (45,000 MW capacity), and flood moderation. However, the dam infrastructure is aging at an alarming rate. Over 75% of large dams are more than 25 years old and 227 dams have already crossed 100 years of age.

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