Kerala's paddy fields are wetland ecosystems that help manage flooding, recharge groundwater, and support rural biodiversity. They are also the state's main source of rice. Between 1957-58 and 2022-23, the area used for paddy cultivation in Kerala decreased from about 7.66 lakh hectares to roughly 1.91 lakh hectares.
Women’s economic insecurity in India is shaped not only by low incomes but also by unpaid care work, limited control over household resources, dependence on family members and unequal access to employment. State governments have increasingly responded through direct cash-transfer programmes that place money directly into women’s bank accounts. Haryana’s Deen Dayal Lado Lakshmi Yojana (DDLLY) is part of this wider shift toward women-focused income support.
Policy UpdateAshi Verma Background Jal Jeevan 2.0 represents a strategic goal to ensure universal access to safe and adequate drinking water through modern governance and technology. The Mission which was launched in August 2019 with the objective of providing tap…
The Public Financial Management System (PFMS) is a web-based platform developed and operated by the Controller General of Accounts (CGA), Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance, to track and manage the flow of government funds in real time. It began in 2009 as the Central Plan Schemes Monitoring System (CPSMS), a Central Sector Scheme under the erstwhile Planning Commission, at a time when the government had no reliable way of knowing how much of the money released for its Plan schemes had actually reached implementing agencies or been spent, since expenditure was typically reported only after the fact, through conventional accounting cycles that could lag actual spending by months. CPSMS was conceived to close that gap, with a narrow original mandate: tracking funds released under Plan schemes and reporting expenditure in real time, rather than months later.
The Ministry of Civil Aviation launched the Viksit UDAN (Ude Desh ka Aam Nagrik) on 4 July 2026 for FY 2026-27 to FY 2035-36, a modified form of UDAN, launched in October 2016 which has transformed regional connectivity by operationalising 669 routes and connecting 95 airports, heliports and water aerodromes, benefitting over 1.66 crore passengers (PIB, 2026). This upgraded UDAN scheme emphasises on India’s development and self-sustainable air connectivity across the country.
After the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh in 2014, the state faced major governance challenges in coordinating departments and delivering timely public services to over 49.5 million citizens (CAG, 2017) Isolated departmental systems and periodic reporting created data silos, delaying critical decisions in disaster response, welfare delivery, and grievance redress. Poor inter-departmental coordination hindered accountability, transparency, and performance tracking. Furthermore, the lack of integrated, real-time data severely limited predictive capacity, preventing proactive disaster management and evidence-based policymaking.