West Bengal is one of India’s most populous states, with a large and diverse population and significant welfare and development needs. Managing its public finances over the years has always been a major balancing act. The annual 2026–27 Budget places strong emphasis on welfare, rural development, infrastructure and employment, while also seeking to support economic growth and investment to steer the local economy forward.
The eCourts Project has its genesis in the National Policy and Action Plan for Implementation of Information and Communication Technology in the Indian Judiciary, framed in 2005, and has been implemented since 2007 under the National e-Governance Plan. E-governance entails the use of Information and Communication Technology by governmental institutions in providing public services and sharing of information for better participation of citizens, while the eCourts Project utilizes e-governance concept for the courts.
About 1,55,707 sq km in size with a population of around 4.5 crore, Odisha is also home to a long coastline of nearly 480 km, is highly dependent on agriculture and allied activities (around 29 percent of Gross State Domestic Product for the year 2025-2026), has a significant tribal population in the southern and western districts like Koraput, Malkangiri, Mayurbhanj and Kandhamal, and is frequently hit by cyclones, floods and droughts. These structural characteristics highlight that disaster resilience and welfare is at the very core of the state development agenda.
Haryana occupies an important position in India's economic and administrative landscape, combining a predominantly agrarian economy with substantial industrial, manufacturing and services activity, particularly owing to its proximity to the National Capital Region. Haryana's proximity to the NCR, particularly the Gurugram–Manesar belt, has strengthened its industrial, IT and services economy, attracting major investments and multinational firms. At the same time, water-intensive paddy cultivation contributes to groundwater depletion, while post-harvest stubble burning adds to NCR air pollution, making agricultural diversification and environmental management interconnected policy priorities.
India is home to 6,138 large dams as per the National Register of Large Dams (NRLD) 2023, making it the third most dam-intensive country after China and the USA. These dams are the backbone of India's water security, irrigation (covering 35% of irrigated area), hydropower (45,000 MW capacity), and flood moderation. However, the dam infrastructure is aging at an alarming rate. Over 75% of large dams are more than 25 years old and 227 dams have already crossed 100 years of age.
Jharkhand was formed on 15 November 2000 after being separated from Bihar.
Sikkim, India’s second-smallest state by area (7,096 sq km), is defined by its Himalayan geography, with elevations ranging from 280 metres to 8,586 metres. The state’s population stood at approximately 6.8 lakh in 2021, up from 6.1 lakh in the 2011 Census. Urbanisation has risen sharply, from 11.1% in 2001 to 25.1% in 2011, with growth concentrated around Gangtok and along main roads at higher elevations.