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India France

India-France Relations: A New Phase of Strategic Partnership

French President Emmanuel Macron’s India visit and the elevation of ties to a “special global strategic partnership” signal deeper convergence in defence, Indo-Pacific strategy, AI, and clean energy. The Horizon 2047 Roadmap aims to institutionalise long-term cooperation amid global volatility.

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Imprisoned Without Conviction: India’s Undertrial Crisis and the Urgency of Reform

Shakil Ahmed India’s criminal justice system confines 4,34,302 of its 5,73,220 prisoners without conviction the largest undertrial population in the world. This article examines the structural governance failures driving this crisis: an acute judicial capacity deficit, a bail framework that punishes poverty,…

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National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities (NMMA) – 2025

The National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities (NMMA) was initiated in 2007 by the Government of India through the Ministry of Culture, with the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) leading it. Established during the XI Five-Year Plan (2007–2012), the mission aimed to document India's extensive and varied cultural heritage in a time-sensitive manner.

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