According to the census 2011, nearly 78 million individuals migrated from rural to urban areas. This increase was due to the availability of better opportunities, higher wages, better education and healthcare in the urban areas. This migration along with the naturally increasing population growth and expansion of borders accelerated urbanization.
The NERUDP was launched in 26 February, 2009 by the approval of the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) to improve essential urban services in five capital cities included Agartala in Tripura, Aizawl in Mizoram, Gangtok in Sikkim, Kohima in Nagaland and Shillong in Meghalaya. The programme focused on enhancing the quality of life for urban residents by developing drainage systems and sanitation services, sustainable water supply systems and solid waste management systems. The NERUDP wasn’t just a development plan, it felt like a much needed lifeline that was long overdue because of the region’s hilly terrain, slower economic growth and complex social and political landscape.
The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERA), represents a landmark legislative intervention by the Indian Parliament, designed to bring about accountability, transparency, and efficiency in the real estate sector. Prior to RERA’s enactment, the sector suffered from systemic irregularities such as project delays, diversion of funds, and the absence of a dedicated dispute resolution mechanism.
As India marches toward being a $5 trillion economy, PMGSY remains an important tool for inclusive growth. The scheme is a model of how focused development of infrastructure can spur multidimensional development results in rural India.
The 2025-26 Budget speech of Nirmala Sitharaman Ji included budgetary support for the execution of Western Kosi Canal ERM (extension renovation and modification) Project. Fund support from the budget will enable the Western Kosi Canal ERM (extension, renovation, and modification) Project to deliver benefits to multiple farmers cultivating more than 50000 hectares of land.
Rapid urbanization in India creates simultaneous developmental advantages and various complications for national growth. The Government of India introduced the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) in 2005 as its principal urban development program to manage increasing urban demands.
The concept of Purvodaya was first introduced by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2015 during the inauguration of an Indian Oil Corporation refinery in Paradip, Odisha. The initiative stepped up in Union Budget 2024-25 with Finance Minister Nirmala Sitaraman allocating significant funds for infrastructure, industrial and skill development programs in the region. This policy aims to position India as a global economic powerhouse by leveraging the potential of all regions under the broader vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.