
Rethinking Compensatory Afforestation in India.
As we move towards realizing the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047, there is an increasing demand for land to accommodate industries for manufacturing, mining rare earth minerals and producing hydroelectric power, etc. At the same time, India, like most other global participants in the climate action, has some crucial commitments towards sustainable development, wherein it needs to fulfill its Panchamrit goals of achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2070, reducing carbon emission intensity, increasing its renewable energy capacity, etc. (Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change [MoEFCC], 2022). Further, under the Bonn Challenge, launched by the German government and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), India has committed to restoring 26 million hectares of degraded and deforested land by 2030 (Tambe et al., 2022; Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, 2026b).






