Category Insights

Insights, a blog published by IMPRI.

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Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2026

Before this reform began, India's statute books contained thousands of provisions where relatively harmless lapses, such as a missed filing deadline, an incorrect entry in a register, or a delayed renewal, could technically expose a citizen or a business owner to criminal prosecution and even jail time. Many of these provisions dated back several decades, several tracing back to colonial-era rules or the licence-raj period, and had never been reviewed in light of changing economic conditions. This created what policymakers described as a climate of unnecessary fear, particularly for small businesses and ordinary citizens who had no intention of committing any real wrongdoing.

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National Urban Digital Mission: Transforming Urban Governance Through Digital Public Infrastructure

India's urban population is expected to reach nearly 600 million by 2030, accounting for about 40% of the country's total population (Observer Research Foundation [ORF], 2025; OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation [OECD-OPSI], 2024). This rapid growth is putting pressure on the municipal governance system originally designed for much smaller cities. Most of India's 4,800+ statutory towns and cities continue to depend on paper records or fragmented digital systems, with meaningful e-governance progress confined to a small number of well-funded cities (OECD-OPSI, 2024).

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Strengthening India’s Traditional Industries through SFURTI: The Progress, Challenges and Way Forward

India’s traditional industries have often been viewed not only as a form of economic activity but also as a symbol of craftsmanship and cultural heritage, providing millions of artisans with livelihoods and financial support across rural and urban areas. However, the rapid rise of modern industrialization, evolving consumer preferences, and scattered production systems have diluted the competitive value of these sectors. To address structural issues, the Ministry of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) introduced the Scheme of Fund for Regeneration of Traditional Industries (SFURTI) as a cluster development program, which aims to strengthen traditional industries and create livelihood opportunities for artisans and people working in the informal sector. 

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Jammu and Kashmir Start-up Policy 2024: Fostering Entrepreneurship and Innovation-Led Growth

For decades, the economic narrative of Jammu and Kashmir was confined to the traditional "Big Three": tourism, horticulture, and handicrafts. While these sectors provided a cultural identity and basic livelihood, they remained highly susceptible to external shocks, such as climatic shifts and seasonal volatility. With more than 3.6 lakh educated young people currently seeking employment in the Union Territory (Labour and Employment Department, 2025), the public sector has reached a saturation point, unable to absorb the influx of talent. Historically, this lack of local opportunity forced a significant "brain drain", where graduates from premier local institutions migrated to other Indian states or abroad to pursue their ambitions.

Carbon Credit

Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) 2023: Assessing India’s First Mandatory Carbon Market and Its Path to Net-Zero

India has spent decades regulating how much energy its industries use, but until now it never had a legal mechanism to price how much carbon those industries actually emit. The Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) changes that. Notified by the Ministry of Power on 28 June 2023 under Section 14AA of the Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2022, CCTS establishes India's first mandatory domestic carbon market, built around energy-intensive industries that together account for a sizable share of the country's industrial emissions.

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