Insights, a blog published by IMPRI.
Policy UpdateAshi Verma Background Jal Jeevan 2.0 represents a strategic goal to ensure universal access to safe and adequate drinking water through modern governance and technology. The Mission which was launched in August 2019 with the objective of providing tap…
The Public Financial Management System (PFMS) is a web-based platform developed and operated by the Controller General of Accounts (CGA), Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance, to track and manage the flow of government funds in real time. It began in 2009 as the Central Plan Schemes Monitoring System (CPSMS), a Central Sector Scheme under the erstwhile Planning Commission, at a time when the government had no reliable way of knowing how much of the money released for its Plan schemes had actually reached implementing agencies or been spent, since expenditure was typically reported only after the fact, through conventional accounting cycles that could lag actual spending by months. CPSMS was conceived to close that gap, with a narrow original mandate: tracking funds released under Plan schemes and reporting expenditure in real time, rather than months later.
The Ministry of Civil Aviation launched the Viksit UDAN (Ude Desh ka Aam Nagrik) on 4 July 2026 for FY 2026-27 to FY 2035-36, a modified form of UDAN, launched in October 2016 which has transformed regional connectivity by operationalising 669 routes and connecting 95 airports, heliports and water aerodromes, benefitting over 1.66 crore passengers (PIB, 2026). This upgraded UDAN scheme emphasises on India’s development and self-sustainable air connectivity across the country.
After the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh in 2014, the state faced major governance challenges in coordinating departments and delivering timely public services to over 49.5 million citizens (CAG, 2017) Isolated departmental systems and periodic reporting created data silos, delaying critical decisions in disaster response, welfare delivery, and grievance redress. Poor inter-departmental coordination hindered accountability, transparency, and performance tracking. Furthermore, the lack of integrated, real-time data severely limited predictive capacity, preventing proactive disaster management and evidence-based policymaking.
India isn’t just looking at the usual big players in Europe anymore. Lately, it’s turning more eyes toward Southeast Europe and the Western Balkans. Why? Because New Delhi wants to shake up its diplomatic strategy and spread its influence , build more varied partnerships in a Europe that keeps changing shape. North Macedonia, for instance, has started to matter more. It sits in a key spot in the Balkans, has solid democratic foundations, and opens new doors for India in trade, technology, education, research, and sustainable growth.
The African Continent has been marred by civil wars for a long time but none as severe as the ones in Sudan that since its independence in 1956 has witnessed 20 military coup attempts. However, the most recent civil war that started in 2023 and has continued till present is also one of the worst humanitarian crises ever faced by Sudan with over 13.6 million people currently displaced, 20 million people in need of health assistance and estimated 21 million people facing food insecurity.
India's commitment to justice is woven into the very fabric of its constitutional identity. The preamble to the Constitution of India embodies this vision by resolving to secure to all its citizens Justice – social, economic and political, affirming that an equitable justice delivery system is indispensable to the constitutional vision. This commitment is further reflected in Article 14. Moreover, judicial interpretation has also strengthened access to justice under Article 21. In Hussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar (1979), the Supreme Court held that the right to a speedy trial is an essential ingredient of the right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 recognising that effective legal representation is indispensable for meaningful access to justice. Further Article 22(1) of the constitution requires that any person who is detained be given the right to “consult and to be defended by a legal practitioner of their choice”. To embed access to justice within the State's policy framework, the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 inserted Article 39A into the Directive Principles of State Policy, directing the State to ensure that the operation of the legal system promotes justice on the basis of equal opportunity and to provide free legal aid so that opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizen by reason of economic or other disabilities.