The Ganga River is revered as a sacred river by most Indians. It is considered to be the lifeline of India, supporting more than 40% of India’s population. Thus, the health of the river is hugely significant for the whole nation. Taking it into consideration, the Government of India launched an integrated conservation mission for restoring the National River in 2014-15, known as the Namami Gange Programme (NGP).
India is known to be a country with high biodiversity and a vast array of domesticated crop species and their wild relatives. With more than 811 domesticated crop species and 902 crop wild relatives, the country has a central role in maintaining plant genetic resources that are crucial for agricultural resilience, food security, and fighting the consequences of climate change
The Atmosphere & Climate Research-Modelling Observing Systems & Services (ACROSS) scheme is one of the five schemes that have been merged together under a unified umbrella scheme of the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences, collectively known as the “Prithvi Gyan (PRITHVI)” scheme.
India has renewed its call for increased and reliable climate finance from the developed nations in the lead-up to COP30 (Brazil, 2025), framing it as essential for meeting domestic and global climate goals. While the Loss and Damage Fund, operationalized at COP28, was a diplomatic breakthrough, actual contributions remain far below requirements.
The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW) was created by renaming and expanding the former Ministry of Shipping in November 2020.1 Prime Minister Narendra Modi noted this change brings “clarity in name, and more clarity in work” by explicitly including Ports and Waterways alongside Shipping
Air Traffic Management (ATM) includes coordination of air traffic and the airspace in air traffic control (ATC), airspace management (ASM), air traffic flow management (ATFM). The major purpose of ATM is to secure the effective and safe flow of the aircraft between departure and arrival. As world air travel continues to expand, ATM systems in place are getting overburdened, which requires a big modernization process and international cooperation.
Critical minerals, from lithium and cobalt to rare earth elements, have become linchpins of the modern economy. They are the new oil of the twenty-first century for electric vehicles, semiconductors, solar panels, wind turbines, and advanced batteries and are critical for not only clean energy but also medical, defence, and aerospace. Critical minerals are also crucial for developing the digital and the green economy. But what are critical minerals exactly?