Category Insights

Insights, a blog published by IMPRI.

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The ₹10,000 Crore SME Growth Fund & MSME Credit Assessment Model: Building Risk Capital and Dismantling Collateral Bottlenecks for Micro-Enterprises

The Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) sector represents the foundational engine of India's macroeconomic growth, industrial development, and employment landscape. According to the Economic Survey 2025-26, MSMEs contribute approximately 31.1% of India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), 35.4% of manufacturing output, and 48.58% of national exports, while supporting the livelihoods of over 32.82 crore people across more than 7.47 crore enterprises.

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Understanding the Micro & Small Enterprises Cluster Development Programme Framework (MSE-CDP), 2007

The Micro & Small Enterprises Cluster Development Programme (MSE-CDP) is one of the primary schemes run by the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME). The idea behind the program is simple: small businesses often struggle to grow because they cannot afford modern machinery, proper testing labs, or good infrastructure on their own. Instead of giving scattered subsidies to individual shops, this scheme brings local businesses together into enterprise clusters.

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Mapping Tripura’s 2026 Policy Landscape: Department-wise Schemes, Updates and Outcomes

Tripura, which attained full statehood on 21 January 1972, is a landlocked state situated in the North-Eastern region of India. As per the 2011 Census, with a population of 36.74 lakh, of which 31.8% were Scheduled Tribes and 82.8% lived in rural areas. It covers 10,492 sq km of area with around 72% under forest cover. Given the geographical variations ranging from hilly terrain to dispersed tribal settlements, last-mile welfare delivery, livelihood diversification, and connectivity remain significant governance challenges for the state.

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Tex-Eco Initiative 2026: Untangling Fast Fashion to Weave a Circular Pathway 

The Tex-Eco Initiative is the Ministry of Textiles' new technology-and-coordination programme, launched under Union Budget 2026-27, to steer India's textile sector toward genuine circularity. It arrives at a critical moment for a sector that contributes 2.3% of GDP, 13% of industrial production and 12% of exports, employing over 45 million people which is the second-largest source of employment after agriculture (Threads of Progress, 2025). 

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National Animal Disease Control Programme (2019): India’s Pathway Towards Disease-Free Livestock

India has one of the world's largest livestock populations, making animal health crucial for rural livelihoods, food security and the dairy economy. As per the 20th Livestock Census 2019, the total livestock population is 535.78 million, including 302.79 million bovines(Press Information Bureau, 2026). The large livestock population underscores the importance of animal health and well-being.

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Strengthening Technology-Driven Border Security: Modernisation Plan-IV for Central Armed Police Forces (2022)

Modernisation Plan-IV for Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) was approved by the Cabinet Committee on Security and is being implemented by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) as a Central Sector Scheme, with a total financial outlay of ₹1,523 crore. The scheme's implementation period was announced as 1 February 2022 to 31 March 2026 in the original approval release (MHA, 2022), though a subsequent MHA release restates the start date as 1 January 2022 (MHA, 2025). The scheme covers all seven CAPFs: Assam Rifles (AR), the Border Security Force (BSF), the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG) and the Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) (MHA, 2022).

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Zero Accountability, the New Normal: How Systemic Governance Failures Continue Without Consequences

This is becoming normal in India: No accountability. From the pothole that killed a schoolgirl in UP and the tap water that poisoned infants in Indore to the exam paper leak for the third consecutive year, a new normal is emerging. And is there a chance of anyone being punished or these occurrences? The answer is: No.

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