Background India introduced the National Action Plan to Combat Desertification (NAPCD) in 2001 after joining the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). The plan was not just a policy decision, it was also a response to a reality that…
The National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013, was introduced by the Government of India to strengthen the Public Distribution System (PDS) in India, in order to provide food and nutritional security by ensuring access to food of sufficient quantity and quality to all beneficiaries. Before this Act, all households of India with a valid ration card received a fixed amount of commodities at a subsidised rate under the Targeted Public Distribution System.
Policy UpdateAtharva Salunke Background: The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG) is the principal body responsible for exploration and production, refining, distribution, import, and export of petroleum, natural gas, and allied products in India. Since oil and gas are…
India–Bhutan hydro-electric trade remains a high-value, mutually reinforcing partnership for energy security and development.Recent relations of bilateral trade operate through a mixed arrangement of long-term PPA (Power Purchase Agreements), and developer arrangements which is a State to State and increasing private participation - recently seen operations via electricity market access in India (Day-Ahead/Real Time markets).
Thousands of kilometres away from the Himalayas, the melting ice in the Arctic is slowly rewriting India's future — impacting the very rhythm of our monsoon, the vitality of our glaciers, and the safety of our coastlines. What was previously envisioned as a far away frozen wasteland has now become an active forum for climate diplomacy, resource politics, or sustainable development.
Groundwater depletion is one of the most pressing challenges in Tamil Nadu’s western districts, particularly Coimbatore, Tiruppur, and Erode, which fall in the semi-arid belt of the state. Over the past three decades, unsustainable borewell extraction, irregular rainfall, and shrinking surface water storage have created recurring agrarian distress.
The oceans, covering more than 70% of the Earth's surface, sustain the livelihoods of nearly three billion people and generate an estimated global ocean economy valued at $3–6 trillion annually (OECD, 2025).